November 27

What happened that day?

• 2015: United States: An active shooter inside a Planned Parenthood facility in Colorado Springs, Colorado, shoots at least four police officers. One officer later dies. Two civilians were also killed, and six injured. The shooter later surrendered.
• 2009: Nevsky Express bombing: A bomb explodes on the Nevsky Express train between Moscow and Saint Petersburg, derailing it and causing 28 deaths and 96 injuries.
• 2006: The Canadian House of Commons approves a motion introduced by Prime Minister Stephen Harper recognizing the Québécois as a nation within Canada.
• 2004: Pope John Paul II returns the relics of Saint John Chrysostom to the Eastern Orthodox Church.
• 2001: A hydrogen atmosphere is discovered on the extrasolar planet Osiris by the Hubble Space Telescope, the first atmosphere detected on an extrasolar planet.
• 1999: The centre-left Labour Party takes control of the New Zealand government with leader Helen Clark becoming the first elected female Prime Minister in New Zealand's history.
• 1997: Twenty-five people are killed in the second Souhane massacre in Algeria.
• 1992: For the second time in a year, military forces try to overthrow president Carlos Andrés Pérez in Venezuela.
• 1989: Avianca Flight 203: A Boeing 727 explodes in mid-air over Colombia, killing all 107 people on board and three people on the ground. The Medellín Cartel will claim responsibility for the attack.
• 1987: South African Airways Flight 295 crashes and kills all 159 on board.
• 1984: Under the Brussels Agreement signed between the governments of the United Kingdom and Spain, the former agreed to enter into discussions with Spain over Gibraltar, including sovereignty.
• 1983: Avianca Flight 011: A Boeing 747 crashes near Madrid's Barajas Airport, killing 181.
• 1978: The Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) is founded in the city of Riha (Urfa) in Turkey.
• 1978: In San Francisco, city mayor George Moscone and openly gay city supervisor Harvey Milk are assassinated by former supervisor Dan White.
• 1975: The Provisional IRA assassinates Ross McWhirter, after a press conference in which McWhirter had announced a reward for the capture of those responsible for multiple bombings and shootings across England.
• 1973: Twenty-fifth Amendment: The United States Senate votes 92-3 to confirm Gerald Ford as Vice President of the United States. (On December 6, the House will confirm him 387-35).
• 1971: The Soviet space program's Mars 2 orbiter releases a descent module. It malfunctions and crashes, but it is the first man-made object to reach the surface of Mars.
• 1968: Penny Ann Early became the first woman to play major professional basketball, for the Kentucky Colonels in an ABA game against the Los Angeles Stars.
• 1965: [Vietnam](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam) War: The Pentagon tells U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson that if planned operations are to succeed, the number of American troops in Vietnam has to be increased from 120,000 to 400,000.
• 1954: Alger Hiss is released from prison after serving 44 months for perjury.
• 1945: CARE (then the Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe) was founded to a send CARE Packages of food relief to Europe after World War II.
• 1944: World War II: RAF Fauld explosion: An explosion at a Royal Air Force ammunition dump in Staffordshire kills seventy people.
• 1942: World War II: At Toulon, the French navy scuttles its ships and submarines to keep them out of Nazi hands.
• 1940: World War II: At the Battle of Cape Spartivento, the Royal Navy engages the Regia Marina in the Mediterranean Sea.
• 1940: In Romania, the ruling Iron Guard fascist party assassinates over 60 of arrested King Carol II of Romania's aides and other political dissidents.
• 1924: In New York City, the first Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is held.
• 1912: Spain declares a protectorate over the north shore of Morocco.
• 1901: The U.S. Army War College is established.
• 1896: Also sprach Zarathustra by Richard Strauss is first performed.
• 1895: At the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, Alfred Nobel signs his last will and testament, setting aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after he dies.
• 1886: German judge Emil Hartwich sustains fatal injuries in a duel, which would become the background for Theodor Fontane's Effi Briest.
• 1868: American Indian Wars: Battle of Washita River: United States Army Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer leads an attack on Cheyenne living on reservation land.
• 1863: American Civil War: Battle of Mine Run: Union forces under General George Meade take up positions against troops led by Confederate General Robert E. Lee.
• 1863: American Civil War: Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and several of his men escape the Ohio Penitentiary and return safely to the South.
• 1856: The Coup of 1856 leads to Luxembourg's unilateral adoption of a new, reactionary constitution.
• 1839: In Boston, Massachusetts, the American Statistical Association is founded.
• 1835: James Pratt and John Smith are hanged in London; they are the last two to be executed for sodomy in England.
• 1830: Saint Catherine Labouré experiences a Marian apparition.
• 1815: Adoption of Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland.
• 1810: The Berners Street hoax was perpetrated by Theodore Hook in the City of Westminster, London.
• 1807: The Portuguese Royal Family leaves Lisbon to escape from Napoleonic troops.
• 1727: The foundation stone to the Jerusalem Church in Berlin is laid.
• 1703: The first Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed in the Great Storm of 1703.
• 1095: Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont.
• 602: Emperor Maurice is forced to watch his five sons be executed before being beheaded himself.
• 511: King Clovis I dies at Lutetia and is buried in the Abbey of St Genevieve.
• 395: Rufinus, praetorian prefect of the East, is murdered by Gothic mercenaries under Gainas.
• 176: Emperor Marcus Aurelius grants his son Commodus the rank of "Imperator" and makes him Supreme Commander of the Roman legions.
• AD 25: Luoyang is declared capital of the Eastern Han dynasty by Emperor Guangwu of Han.