March 1

What happened that day?

• 2014: At least 29 people are killed and 130 injured in a mass stabbing at Kunming Railway Station in China.
• 2008: The Armenian police clash with peaceful opposition rally protesting against allegedly fraudulent presidential elections, as a result ten people are killed.
• 2007: Tornadoes break out across the southern United States, killing at least 20 people, including eight at Enterprise High School.
• 2006: English-language Wikipedia reaches its one millionth article, Jordanhill railway station.
• 2005: In Roper v. Simmons, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that the execution of juveniles found guilty of murder is unconstitutional.
• 2003: The International Criminal Court holds its inaugural session in The Hague.
• 2003: Management of the United States Customs Service and the United States Secret Service move to the United States Department of Homeland Security.
• 2002: The Envisat environmental satellite successfully reaches an orbit 800 kilometers (500 mi) above the Earth on its 11th launch, carrying the heaviest payload to date at 8500 kilograms (8.5 tons).
• 2002: U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins in eastern Afghanistan.
• 1998: Titanic became the first film to gross over $1 billion worldwide.
• 1995: Yahoo! is incorporated.
• 1992: Bosnia and Herzegovina declares its independence from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
• 1991: Uprisings against Saddam Hussein begins in Iraq, leading to the death of more than 25,000 people mostly civilian.
• 1990: Steve Jackson Games is raided by the United States Secret Service, prompting the later formation of the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
• 1981: Provisional Irish Republican Army member Bobby Sands begins his hunger strike in HM Prison Maze.
• 1974: Watergate scandal: Seven are indicted for their role in the Watergate break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice.
• 1973: Black September storms the Saudi embassy in Khartoum, Sudan, resulting in the assassination of three Western hostages.
• 1972: The Thai province of Yasothon is created after being split off from the Ubon Ratchathani Province.
• 1971: President of Pakistan Yahya Khan indefinitely postpones the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan.
• 1966: The Ba'ath Party takes power in Syria.
• 1966: Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface.
• 1964: Villarrica Volcano begins a strombolian eruption causing lahars that destroy half of the town of Coñaripe.
• 1961: Uganda becomes self-governing and holds its first elections.
• 1961: United States President John F. Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps.
• 1958: Samuel Alphonsus Stritch is appointed Pro-Prefect of the Propagation of Faith and thus becomes the first U.S. member of the Roman Curia.
• 1956: Formation of the East German Nationale Volksarmee.
• 1956: The International Air Transport Association finalizes a draft of the Radiotelephony spelling alphabet for the International Civil Aviation Organization.
• 1954: Armed Puerto Rican nationalists attack the United States Capitol building, injuring five Representatives.
• 1954: Nuclear weapons testing: The Castle Bravo, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, is detonated on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States.
• 1953: Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin suffers a stroke and collapses; he dies four days later.
• 1950: Cold War: Klaus Fuchs is convicted of spying for the Soviet Union by disclosing top secret atomic bomb data.
• 1949: Indonesian Army recaptures and occupies for six hours its capital city Yogyakarta from the Dutch.
• 1947: The International Monetary Fund begins financial operations.
• 1946: The Bank of England is nationalised.
• 1942: World War II: Japanese forces land on Java, the main island of the Dutch East Indies, at Merak and [Banten](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten) Bay (Banten), Eretan Wetan (Indramayu) and Kragan (Rembang).
• 1941: World War II: Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact, allying itself with the Axis powers.
• 1939: An Imperial Japanese Army ammunition dump explodes at Hirakata, Osaka, Japan, killing 94.
• 1936: The Hoover Dam is completed.
• 1932: Charles Lindbergh's son is reportedly kidnapped.
• 1921: The Australian cricket team captained by Warwick Armstrong becomes the first team to complete a whitewash of The Ashes, something that would not be repeated for 86 years.
• 1919: March 1st Movement begins in Korea under Japanese rule.
• 1917: The Zimmermann Telegram is reprinted in newspapers across the United States after the U.S. government releases its unencrypted text.
• 1914: The Republic of China joins the Universal Postal Union.
• 1910: The worst avalanche in United States history buries a Great Northern Railway train in northeastern King County, Washington, killing 96 people.
• 1901: The Australian Army is formed.
• 1896: Henri Becquerel discovers radioactive decay.
• 1896: Battle of Adwa: An Ethiopian army defeats an outnumbered Italian force, ending the First Italo-Ethiopian War.
• 1893: Electrical engineer Nikola Tesla gives the first public demonstration of radio in St. Louis, Missouri.
• 1886: The Anglo-Chinese School, Singapore is founded by Bishop William Oldham.
• 1881: The first Minnesota State Capitol burns down due to a fire.
• 1873: E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York begins production of the first practical typewriter.
• 1872: Yellowstone National Park is established as the world's first national park.
• 1870: Marshal F. S. López dies during the Battle of Cerro Corá thus marking the end of the Paraguayan War.
• 1868: The Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity is founded at the University of Virginia.
• 1867: Nebraska becomes the 37th U.S. state; Lancaster, Nebraska is renamed Lincoln and becomes the state capital.
• 1854: German psychologist Friedrich Eduard Beneke disappears; two years later his remains are found in a canal near Charlottenburg.
• 1852: Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton, is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
• 1845: United States President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.
• 1836: A convention of delegates from 57 Texas communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico.
• 1815: Georgetown University's congressional charter is signed into law by President James Madison.
• 1815: Napoleon returns to France from his banishment on Elba, start of the Hundred Days.
• 1811: Leaders of the Mamluk) dynasty are killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali.
• 1805: Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial by the U.S. Senate.
• 1796: The Dutch East India Company is nationalized by the Batavian Republic.
• 1793: French Revolutionary War: Battle of Aldenhoven during the Flanders Campaign.
• 1790: The first United States census is authorized.
• 1781: The Continental Congress adopts the Articles of Confederation.
• 1713: The siege and destruction of Fort Neoheroka begins during the Tuscarora War in North Carolina, effectively opening up the colony's interior to European colonization.
• 1700: Sweden introduces its own Swedish calendar, in an attempt to gradually merge into the Gregorian calendar, reverts to the Julian calendar on this date in 1712, and introduces the Gregorian calendar on this date in 1753.
• 1692: Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne and Tituba are brought before local magistrates in Salem Village, Massachusetts, beginning what would become known as the Salem witch trials.
• 1642: Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine), becomes the first incorporated city in the United States.
• 1633: Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France on behalf of Cardinal Richelieu.
• 1628: Writs issued in February by Charles I of England mandate that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date.
• 1565: The city of Rio de Janeiro is founded.
• 1562: Sixty-three Huguenots are massacred in Wassy, France, marking the start of the French Wars of Religion.
• 1476: Forces of the Catholic Monarchs engage the combined Portuguese-Castilian armies of Afonso V and Prince John at the Battle of Toro.
• 1457: The Unitas Fratrum is established in the village of Kunvald, on the Bohemian-Moravian borderland. It is to date the second oldest Protestant denomination.
• 834: Emperor Louis the Pious is restored as sole ruler of the Frankish Empire. After his re-accession to the throne, his eldest son Lothair I flees to Burgundy.
• 350: Vetranio is asked by Constantina, sister of Constantius II, to proclaim himself Caesar.
• 317: Crispus and Constantine II, sons of Roman Emperor Constantine I, and Licinius Iunior, son of Emperor Licinius, are made Caesares.
• 293: Emperor Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars. This is considered the beginning of the Tetrarchy, known as the Quattuor Principes Mundi ("Four Rulers of the World").
• 86 BC: Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army, enters Athens, removing the tyrant Aristion who was supported by troops of Mithridates VI of Pontus ending the Siege of Athens and Piraeus.
• 509 BC: Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.