June 10

What happened that day?

• 2016: Former The Voice contestant Christina Grimmie is fatally shot in Orlando, Florida following a concert; she died from her injuries at the age of 22.
• 2003: The Spirit rover is launched, beginning NASA's Mars Exploration Rover mission.
• 2002: The first direct electronic communication experiment between the nervous systems of two humans is carried out by Kevin Warwick in the United Kingdom.
• 2001: Pope John Paul II canonizes Lebanon's first female saint, Saint Rafqa.
• 1999: [Kosovo](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo) War: NATO suspends its airstrikes after Slobodan Milošević agrees to withdraw Serbian forces from Kosovo.
• 1997: Before fleeing his northern stronghold, Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot orders the killing of his defense chief Son Sen and 11 of Sen's family members.
• 1996: Peace talks begin in Northern Ireland without the participation of Sinn Féin.
• 1994: China conducts a nuclear test for DF-31 warhead at Area C (Beishan), Lop Nur, its prominence being due to the Cox Report.
• 1991: Eleven-year-old Jaycee Lee Dugard is kidnapped in South Lake Tahoe, California; she would remain a captive until 2009.
• 1990: British Airways Flight 5390 lands safely at Southampton Airport after a blowout in the cockpit causes the captain to be partially sucked from the cockpit. There are no fatalities
• 1980: The African National Congress in South Africa publishes a call to fight from their imprisoned leader Nelson Mandela.
• 1977: James Earl Ray escapes from Brushy Mountain State Prison in Petros, Tennessee. He is recaptured three days later.
• 1967: The Six-Day War ends: Israel and Syria agree to a cease-fire.
• 1964: United States Senate breaks a 75-day filibuster against the Civil Rights Act of 1964, leading to the bill's passage.
• 1963: The Equal Pay Act of 1963, aimed at abolishing wage disparity based on sex, was signed into law by John F. Kennedy as part of his New Frontier Program.
• 1957: John Diefenbaker leads the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada to a stunning upset in the Canadian federal election, 1957, ending 22 years of Liberal Party government.
• 1947: Saab produces its first automobile.
• 1945: Australian Imperial Forces land in [Brunei](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunei) Bay to liberate Brunei.
• 1944: In baseball, 15-year-old Joe Nuxhall of the Cincinnati Reds becomes the youngest player ever in a major-league game.
• 1944: World War II: In Distomo, Boeotia, Greece, 218 men, women and children are massacred by German troops.
• 1944: World War II: Six hundred forty-two men, women and children massacred at Oradour-sur-Glane, France.
• 1942: World War II: Nazis burn the Czech village of Lidice in reprisal for the killing of Reinhard Heydrich.
• 1940: World War II: Norway surrenders to German forces.
• 1940: World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt denounces Italy's actions in his "Stab in the Back" speech at the graduation ceremonies of the University of Virginia.
• 1940: World War II: Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom.
• 1935: Chaco War ends: A truce is called between Bolivia and Paraguay who had been fighting since 1932.
• 1935: Dr. Robert Smith takes his last drink, and Alcoholics Anonymous is founded in Akron, [Ohio](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio), United States, by him and Bill Wilson.
• 1924: Fascists kidnap and kill Italian Socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome.
• 1918: The Austro-Hungarian battleship SMS Szent István sinks off the Croatian coast after being torpedoed by an Italian MAS motorboat; the event is recorded by camera from a nearby vessel.
• 1916: The Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire was declared by Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca.
• 1898: Spanish-American War: U.S. Marines land on the island of Cuba.
• 1886: Mount Tarawera in New Zealand erupts, killing 153 people and burying the famous Pink and White Terraces. Eruptions continue for three months creating a large, 17 km long fissure across the mountain peak.
• 1878: League of Prizren is established, to oppose the decisions of the Congress of Berlin and the Treaty of San Stefano, as a consequence of which the Albanian lands in Balkans were being partitioned and given to the neighbor states of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria and Greece.
• 1871: Sinmiyangyo: Captain McLane Tilton leads 109 US Marines in a naval attack on Han River forts on Kanghwa Island, Korea.
• 1864: American Civil War: Battle of Brice's Crossroads: Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest defeat a much larger Union force led by General Samuel D. Sturgis in Mississippi.
• 1861: American Civil War: Battle of Big Bethel: Confederate troops under John B. Magruder defeat a much larger Union force led by General Ebenezer W. Pierce in Virginia.
• 1854: The first class of United States Naval Academy students graduate.
• 1838: Myall Creek massacre: Twenty-eight Aboriginal Australians are murdered.
• 1829: The first Boat Race between the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge takes place on the Thames in London.
• 1805: First Barbary War: Yusuf Karamanli signs a treaty ending the hostilities between Tripolitania and the United States.
• 1793: French Revolution: Following the arrests of Girondin leaders, the Jacobins gain control of the Committee of Public Safety installing the revolutionary dictatorship.
• 1793: The Jardin des Plantes museum opens in Paris. A year later, it becomes the first public zoo.
• 1786: A landslide dam on the Dadu River created by an earthquake ten days earlier collapses, killing 100,000 in the Sichuan province of China.
• 1782: King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) of Siam (modern day Thailand) is crowned.
• 1719: Jacobite risings: Battle of Glen Shiel.
• 1692: Salem witch trials: Bridget Bishop is hanged at Gallows Hill near Salem, Massachusetts, for "certaine Detestable Arts called Witchcraft & Sorceries".
• 1624: Signing of the Treaty of Compiègne between France and the Netherlands.
• 1619: [Thirty Years' War](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War#The_Bohemian_Revolt): Battle of Záblatí, a turning point in the Bohemian Revolt.
• 1596: Willem Barents and Jacob van Heemskerk discover Bear Island.
• 1539: Council of Trent: Pope Paul III sends out letters to his bishops, delaying the Council due to war and the difficulty bishops had traveling to Venice.
• 1523: Copenhagen is surrounded by the army of Frederick I of Denmark, as the city won't recognise him as the successor of Christian II of Denmark.
• 1329: The Battle of Pelekanon results in a Byzantine defeat by the Ottoman Empire.
• 1190: Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the river Saleph while leading an army to Jerusalem.
• 671: Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock (clepsydra) called Rokoku. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu.