January 20

What happened that day?

• 2017: Donald Trump is inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States of America.
• 2009: Barack Obama is inaugurated as the 44th [President of the United States](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States) of America, becoming the first African-American President of the United States.
• 2009: A protest movement in Iceland culminates as the 2009 Icelandic financial crisis protests start.
• 2007: Four-man Team N2i, using only skis and kites, completes a 1,093-mile (1,759 km) trek to reach the Antarctic pole of inaccessibility for the first time since 1965 and for the first time ever without mechanical assistance.
• 2001: President of the Philippines Joseph Estrada is ousted in a nonviolent 4-day revolution, and is succeeded by Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo.
• 1992: Air Inter Flight 148, an Airbus A320-111, crashes into a mountain near Strasbourg, France killing 87 of the 96 people on board.
• 1991: Sudan's government imposes Islamic law nationwide, worsening the civil war between the country's Muslim north and Christian south.
• 1990: The Red Army crackdown on civil protests in Baku, Azerbaijan during the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
• 1986: In the United States, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is celebrated as a federal holiday for the first time.
• 1981: Twenty minutes after Ronald Reagan was inaugurated, Iran releases 52 American hostages.
• 1972: Pakistan launched its nuclear weapons program, a few weeks after its defeat in the Bangladesh Liberation War, as well as the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
• 1954: In the United States, the National Negro Network is established with 40 charter member radio stations.
• 1953: Dwight D. Eisenhower is inaugurated as the 34th President of the United States of America, becoming the first President to begin his presidency on January 20 following the ratification of the 20th Amendment.
• 1949: Point Four Program a program for economic aid to poor countries announced by United States President Harry S. Truman in his inaugural address for a full term as President.
• 1948: United Nations Security Council Resolution 39 relating to India and Pakistan is adopted.
• 1945: World War II: Germany begins the evacuation of 1.8 million people from East Prussia, a task which will take nearly two months.
• 1945: World War II: The provisional government of Béla Miklós in Hungary agrees to an armistice with the Allies.
• 1942: World War II: At the [Wannsee](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Wannsee) Conference held in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee, senior Nazi German officials discuss the implementation of the "Final Solution to the Jewish question".
• 1941: A German officer is killed in Bucharest, Romania, sparking a rebellion and pogrom by the Iron Guard, killing 125 Jews and 30 soldiers.
• 1937: Franklin Delano Roosevelt and John Nance Garner are sworn in for their second terms as U.S. President and U.S. Vice President, the first occasion a Presidential Inauguration to take place on January 20 following the ratification of the 20th Amendment
• 1936: Edward VIII becomes King of the United Kingdom.
• 1929: In Old Arizona, the first full-length talking motion picture filmed outdoors, is released.
• 1921: The first Constitution of Turkey is adopted, making fundamental changes in the source and exercise of sovereignty by consecrating the principle of national sovereignty.
• 1920: The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is founded.
• 1887: The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Harbor as a naval base.
• 1877: The last day of the Constantinople Conference results in agreement for political reforms in the Balkans.
• 1841: Hong Kong Island is occupied by the British.
• 1839: In the Battle of Yungay, Chile defeats an alliance between Peru and Bolivia.
• 1788: The third and main part of First Fleet arrives at Botany Bay. Arthur Phillip decides that Botany Bay is unsuitable for the location of a penal colony, and decides to move to Port Jackson.
• 1785: Invading Siamese forces attempt to exploit the political chaos in Vietnam, but are ambushed and annihilated at the Mekong river by the Tây Sơn in the Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoài Mút.
• 1783: The Kingdom of Great Britain signs a peace treaty with France and Spain, officially ending hostilities in the American Revolutionary War.
• 1649: Charles I of England goes on trial for treason and other "high crimes".
• 1576: The Mexican city of León is founded by order of the viceroy Don Martín Enríquez de Almanza.
• 1567: Battle of Rio de Janeiro: Portuguese forces under the command of Estácio de Sá definitively drive the French out of Rio de Janeiro.
• 1523: Christian II is forced to abdicate as King of Denmark and Norway.
• 1356: Edward Balliol surrenders his claim to the Scottish throne to Edward III in exchange for an English pension.
• 1320: Duke Wladyslaw Lokietek becomes king of Poland.
• 1265: The first English parliament to include not only Lords but also representatives of the major towns holds its first meeting in the Palace of Westminster, now commonly known as the "Houses of Parliament".
• 649: King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
• 250: Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Pope Fabian is martyred.